Ground conditions
Soft clay, obstructions or mixed strata can add £5–£20/m³ through slower cycles and additional machine attendance.
Excavator size
Using a machine smaller than the optimum working size can increase the excavation rate by 15–35%.
Internal haul
Moving arisings beyond the immediate excavation zone typically adds £2–£8/m³ depending on distance and loading arrangements.
Working space
Restricted slew, edge protection and work around existing structures can increase rates by 25–75%.
Quantity and continuity
Small, intermittent visits can add £500–£1,500 per mobilisation and reduce productive output materially.
Water and weather
Wet formations, pumping interruptions and cleaning of haul routes can increase excavation costs by 10–30%.