Ground preparation
Formation trimming, disposal and additional sub-base can add £15–£30/m where a ready-to-kerb base is not provided.
Concrete provision
Higher concrete grades, larger haunches or small-load charges can increase the rate by £5–£12/m.
Curves and specials
Radius, dropper and transition units typically increase installed rates by 30–60% through higher material cost and reduced output.
Run length
Continuous runs above 250 m can reduce rates by 8–15%, while isolated lengths below 25 m may add 20–40%.
Access and logistics
Restricted deliveries, hand distribution or work behind barriers can add £10–£25/m.
Location and programme
London, constrained urban sites or accelerated working can command a 10–20% premium over normal regional conditions.